When a wave file is used as wave samples in a MIDI synthesizer, the instrument chunk helps the MIDI synthesizer define the sample pitch and relative volume of the samples.
The instrument chunk has the following structure.
| Byte sequence description | Length in bytes | Starts at byte in the chunk | Value |
| chunk ID | 4 | 0x00 | The ASCII character string "inst" |
| size | 4 | 0x04 | The size of the chunk less 8 (less the "chunk ID" and the "size") |
| unshifted note | 1 | 0x08 | The MIDI note that corresponds to the original (unshifted) pitch of the sample. This value is between 0 to 127 (see MIDI Note On message) |
| fine tuning | 1 | 0x09 | Fine tuning of the pitch in cents. Values are between -50 to 50 |
| gain | 1 | 0x0A | The volume setting (suggested) for the sample in decibels |
| low note | 1 | 0x0B | The lowest usable MIDI note for the sample (suggested). This value is between 0 and 127 |
| high note | 1 | 0x0C | The highest usable MIDI note for the sample (suggested). This value is between 0 and 127 |
| low velocity | 1 | 0x0D | The lowest usable MIDI velocity for the sample (suggested). This value is between 0 and 127 (see MIDI Note On message) |
| high velocity | 1 | 0x0E | The highest usable MIDI velocity for the sample (suggested). This value is between 0 and 127 |
See also:
Wave file format
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